Transforming Data into Consumable Content

ABSTRACT

Concepts and technologies are described herein for transforming data into consumable content. In accordance with the concepts and technologies disclosed herein, a computing device can execute a transformation engine for transforming data into the consumable content. The computing device can be configured to analyze the data to identify relationships within data elements or other portions of the data. The computing device also can determine a visualization model to apply to the data and to choose a world based upon the determined visualization model. The computing device can obtain rules associated with the selected or chosen world, and can apply the rules to the data to generate the output. In some embodiments, the computing device can be configured to obtain and apply feedback to the output.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of co-pending U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 13/491,612 filed Jun. 8, 2012 entitled “Transforming ConsumableContent”, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

The availability and diversity of software that can be used to createcontent has increased, as has the number of venues available forpublishing content. Similarly, instant publication of information viavarious live messaging and/or social networking sites has revolutionizeddata sharing by greatly accelerating the speed and frequency with whichdata is published by users. Because of these and other changes in thevarious ways data is created, generated, shared, and/or published, thenumber and diversity of users creating, sharing, and/or publishingcontent has increased along with the size of audiences of these contentcreators, sharers, and/or publishers.

Because almost any technology user today creates, generates, shares,and/or publishes content, some users or other entities creating,generating, sharing, or publishing the content may not be trained indesign principles. As a result, some of these entities may not becapable of producing visual content in a consumable, useful, or visuallyappealing format. Thus, the utility of some content created, generated,shared, or published by these or other entities may be enhanced byapplying better designs.

Some publishers may choose to compile information into a document. Otherpublishers may load information into a presentation, video, or otheroutput. These presentations or documents may include too much or toolittle information to be useful, or may lack a thoughtful anddesign-based format that allows viewers or consumers to easily accessimportant information within the document or presentation. Becausevisual aspects of a particular presentation or document may distractconsumers from the usefulness or importance of the underlying data orfacts presented within the presentation or document, some content maynot receive the attention deserved. Alternatively, some publishers mayexpend resources to create or commission others to create visuallyconsumable content.

It is with respect to these and other considerations that the disclosuremade herein is presented.

SUMMARY

Concepts and technologies are described herein for transforming datainto consumable content. As used herein, the term “consumable” can beused to refer to content that can be readily viewed, interpreted, oraccessed by a user, viewer, or other entity. In some instances, thecontent or portions thereof can be arranged in accordance withhierarchical or logical relationships and/or in accordance with applieddesign rules. In accordance with the concepts and technologies disclosedherein, data can be obtained by a computing device. In some instances,the data can include a text file, a web page, a document, a presentationfile, a spreadsheet, a video, a photo or other image, or another type ofdata. The data can be obtained in various formats and can be analyzed toidentify relationships between data elements and/or portions of thedata. The relationships can be used to identify hierarchies, emphasis,clusters, and/or to otherwise obtain an understanding of the data.

The computing device can determine how to introduce differences orvariations to the data. The variations can include differences inanimations, effects, layouts, color schemes, or other design variations.The computing device also can select a world for presenting the data. Asused herein, the term “world” can be used to refer to an approach,model, or theme for presenting data. The computing device can select aworld for presentation of the data and can apply the world to the datausing one or more sets of rules that define how data is translated intothe world. In some embodiments, the rules can be tailored for each worldand can define, for example, how data of a particular type is to berepresented in the selected or chosen world.

Through application of the variations, visualization models, worlds,and/or rules, the computing device can generate output that includes theconsumable content. The output can include a presentation, a document, avideo, an interactive data output, or other data. In some embodiments,the computing device presents the output to a user or other entity andthe user or other entity expresses preferences relating to variousaspects of the output. Thus, for example, the user can express whether aparticular aspect of the output is liked or disliked, and the computingdevice can be configured to apply the expressed likes or dislikes to theoutput. As such, the computing device can be configured to modify theoutput in accordance with user preferences. The computing device alsocan be configured to store the preferences for future use.

According to one aspect, a computing device obtains data. The data canbe obtained from a local or remote storage device such as the Internet,a server, or the like. The computing device can be configured to executea transformation engine for analyzing the data, identifyingrelationships within the data, determining a visualization model,choosing a world, applying rules such as design rules associated withthe world to the data, and generating the output. In some embodiments,the transformation engine can include or can be substituted for by anumber of modules. The modules can include a decomposition andunderstanding module, a variation module, and a world chooser module.The transformation engine also can include representations of the rulesfor translating the data based upon the chosen or selected world, andthe transformation engine can be configured to apply the rules to thedata to generate output.

According to another aspect, the transformation engine also can includean authoring module. The authoring module can be configured to obtainand apply user input or feedback with regard to the output. The feedbackcan be obtained directly from the user or other entity. The feedback canbe obtained in response to one or more prompts that can be generated bythe computing device. As such, the computing device can be configured togenerate the output and to modify the output based upon userpreferences. The computing device also can be configured to store thepreferences for future use and/or application to other data.

It should be appreciated that the above-described subject matter may beimplemented as a computer-controlled apparatus, a computer process, acomputing system, or as an article of manufacture such as acomputer-readable storage medium. These and various other features willbe apparent from a reading of the following Detailed Description and areview of the associated drawings.

This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in asimplified form that are further described below in the DetailedDescription. This Summary is not intended to identify key features oressential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intendedthat this Summary be used to limit the scope of the claimed subjectmatter. Furthermore, the claimed subject matter is not limited toimplementations that solve any or all disadvantages noted in any part ofthis disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a system diagram illustrating an illustrative operatingenvironment for the various embodiments disclosed herein.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing additional aspects of a transformationengine, according to an illustrative embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram showing aspects of a method for transformingdata into consumable content, according to an illustrative embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a computer architecture diagram illustrating an illustrativecomputer hardware and software architecture for a computing systemcapable of implementing aspects of the embodiments presented herein.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a distributed computing environmentcapable of implementing aspects of the embodiments presented herein.

FIG. 6 is a computer architecture diagram illustrating a computingdevice architecture capable of implementing aspects of the embodimentspresented herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following detailed description is directed to concepts andtechnologies for transforming data into consumable content. According tothe concepts and technologies described herein, a computing device canexecute a transformation engine for transforming data into theconsumable content. In some embodiments, the computing device obtainsdata from a local or remote storage device such as a memory or server,the Internet, or the like. In some other embodiments, the data isgenerated at the computing device using an application program executingat the computing device. The computing device can be configured toexecute the transformation engine to analyze the data. Via analysis ofthe data, the computing device can identify relationships within dataelements or other portions of the data. The computing device also canexecute the transformation engine to determine variations to apply tothe data and to select a visualization model and/or world to apply tothe data. The computing device also can execute the transformationengine to obtain rules associated with the selected or chosen world andto apply the rules to the data to generate output.

The computing device also can be configured to obtain and apply input orfeedback from a user or other entity. The feedback can be interpreted bythe computing device to understand preferences of the user or otherentity with regard to the output. The input or feedback can be obtaineddirectly from the user or other entity and/or can be obtained inresponse to one or more prompts that can be generated by the computingdevice. Based upon the input or feedback, the computing device can beconfigured to modify the output or to determine that the output is notto be modified. The computing device also can be configured to store thepreferences for future use and/or for application to other data. Thepreferences stored by the computing device can include preferences notonly for a particular user, but additionally or alternatively formultiple or all users. Additionally, or alternatively, the preferencescan relate to the specific content or output, as well as the user orusers. Thus, the preferences also can indicate, for example, that aparticular data element, cluster of data elements, presentation aspect,presentation or design scheme, rule, or the like, is more or lessimportant than other data elements, clusters of data elements,presentation aspects, presentation or design schemes, rules, or thelike.

While the subject matter described herein is presented in the generalcontext of program modules that execute in conjunction with theexecution of an operating system and application programs on a computersystem, those skilled in the art will recognize that otherimplementations may be performed in combination with other types ofprogram modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs,components, data structures, and other types of structures that performparticular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover,those skilled in the art will appreciate that the subject matterdescribed herein may be practiced with other computer systemconfigurations, including hand-held devices, multiprocessor systems,microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics,minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like.

In the following detailed description, references are made to theaccompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which are shown byway of illustration specific embodiments or examples. Referring now tothe drawings, in which like numerals represent like elements throughoutthe several figures, aspects of a computing system, computer-readablestorage medium, and computer-implemented methodology for transformingdata into consumable content will be presented.

Referring now to FIG. 1, aspects of one operating environment 100 forthe various embodiments presented herein will be described. Theoperating environment 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a computing device102. According to various embodiments, the functionality of thecomputing device 102 can be provided by a personal computer (“PC”) suchas a desktop, tablet, or laptop computer system. The functionality ofthe computing device 102 also can be provided by other types ofcomputing systems including, but not limited to, server computers,handheld computers, netbook computers, embedded computer systems,personal digital assistants, mobile telephones, smart phones, or otherdevices or systems capable of executing the various software elementsdescribed herein in detail. For purposes of describing the concepts andtechnologies disclosed herein, the computing device 102 is describedherein as including a PC. It should be understood that this embodimentis illustrative, and should not be construed as being limiting in anyway.

According to some embodiments, the computing device 102 is configured tooperate in communication with, or as part of, a communications network(“network”) 104. In some other embodiments, the computing device 102does not operate in communication with the network 104. The computingdevice 102 can be configured to execute an operating system 106 and oneor more application programs, modules, software elements, or othercomputer-executable or computer readable instructions such as, forexample, a transformation engine 108.

The operating system 106 is a computer program for controlling theoperation of the computing device 102. The transformation engine 108 caninclude an executable program configured to execute on top of theoperating system 106 to provide the functionality described herein fortransforming information into consumable content. Although thetransformation engine 108 is illustrated as a component of the computingdevice 102, it should be understood that the transformation engine 108may be embodied as or in a stand-alone device or components thereofoperating as part of or in communication with the network 104 and/or thecomputing device 102. The transformation engine 108 also can be avirtualized service or technology layer that executes on the computingdevice 102 and/or on other real or virtual devices. Thus, theillustrated embodiment is illustrative, and should not be construed asbeing limiting in any way.

As will be explained in more detail below, particularly with referenceto FIGS. 2-3, the transformation engine 108 can be configured to obtaindata 110 and to transform the data 110 into consumable content that caninclude, or can be included within, output 112 generated by thecomputing device 102. As used herein, the term “consumable” can be usedto refer to output such as the output 112 that can be readily or easilyviewed, interpreted, or accessed by a user or viewer. More particularly,as explained in more detail below, the output 112 can include variousdata elements or portions of the data 110 that are arranged by thetransformation engine 108 in accordance with the various concepts andtechnologies disclosed herein. As such, it can be appreciated that thedata 110 can include a number of data elements or other portions ofdata.

In some embodiments, the transformation engine 108 is configured totranslate or arrange the data 110 into a relationship-based design. Thisrelationship-based design can be, but is not necessarily, arranged in alogical and/or hierarchical fashion and/or can be arranged in accordancewith various designer-based presentation rules for arranging and/orlaying out data. Thus, the phrase “consumable content” can, but does notnecessarily, refer to visually appealing and/or logically arranged data.It should be understood, however, that the output 112 as describedherein need not be visually appealing and/or that visual appeal can besubjective. As such, the output 112 can include various data elements orother portions of the data 110 translated into the output 112 asdescribed herein.

According to various embodiments, the computing device 102 is configuredto receive or store the data 110. For example, the data 110 can bestored at the computing device 102 in a memory, disk drive, or otherdata storage elements. In some other embodiments such as the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 1, the data 110 can be obtained from a data source114 that can be configured to operate as part of or in communicationwith the network 104. The functionality of the data source 114 can beprovided by a network drive, a server computer operating on or incommunication with the network 104, a database or another real orvirtual data storage element, and/or other data storage devices. Itshould be understood that these embodiments are illustrative, and shouldnot be construed as being limiting in any way.

According to various aspects of the concepts and technologies disclosedherein, the transformation engine 108 can include one or moreapplications, programs, software, computer executable instructions,and/or other data. Some examples of data that can be included as part ofthe transformation engine 108 are illustrated and described in moredetail below with reference to FIG. 2. Briefly, the computer-executableinstructions can include instructions for decomposing and understandingcontent included with the data 110, instructions for generating and/orsuggesting variations to be employed when presenting the data 110 aspart of the output 112, instructions for choosing a theme, mood, colorscheme, animations, layout, and/or other aspects (“world”) to beemployed in generating the output 112, rules for tailoring a selected orchosen world, and/or instructions for modifying output based upon inputfrom users or other entities.

These and other aspects of the transformation engine 108 can be providedby a single or multiple applications or modules. Thus, the computingdevice 102 can, by execution of the transformation engine 108, receivethe data 110, determine how the data 110 is to be presented, generatethe output 112 for presenting the data in the determined formats,schemes, themes, or the like, and present the output 112. Before,during, or after presentation of the output 112, the computing device102 also can be configured to obtain input or feedback (“feedback”)regarding the output 112 from users or other entities. In someembodiments, the computing device 102 can be configured to prompt usersfor the feedback. In some other embodiments, the computing device 102can be configured to receive the feedback from various users or otherentities without prompting for the feedback.

Based upon the feedback received by the computing device 102, the output112 associated with the computing device 102 can be tailored to reflectpreferences, likes, dislikes, or the like associated with the user orother entity. As such, the computing device 102 can be configured notonly to present the data 110 in a format that is determined by thecomputing device 102, but furthermore in a format that is tailored byand/or modified by the user or other entity via providing feedback. Itshould be understood that this embodiment is illustrative, and shouldnot be construed as being limiting in any way.

In some embodiments, the computing device 102 retrieves, receives, orotherwise obtains the data 110. The data 110 can be obtained from alocal data storage device or from a remote data storage device or entitysuch as the data source 114. The data 110 can include almost any type ofinformation including, but not limited to, documents, text, images,presentations, spreadsheets, web pages, video, media, or otherinformation. Because the data 110 can include other types of informationor content, it should be understood that these embodiments areillustrative, and should not be construed as being limiting in any way.

The computing device 102 can be configured to analyze the data 110 toidentify a hierarchy and/or relationships within the data 110. Inparticular, the computing device 102 can be configured to identifyrelationships between one or more data elements or portions of data thatare included within the data 110. For example, if the data 110 includesa presentation document, the data elements can include slides of thepresentation, objects within slides of the presentation, and/or otherportions of data included in the presentation such as individual textcharacters, images, sentences, words, bullet lists, numbered lists, textblocks, backgrounds, title blocks, media objects, or the like. Thecomputing device 102 can be configured to analyze the various elementsor portions (“data elements”) of the data 110 to identify relationshipsbetween the various data elements and/or to identify a hierarchy withinthe data 110. Similarly, the computing device 102 can be configured torecognize relationships between one or more instances of data 110. Forexample, images from a FLICKR or other photo album software can beassociated with status updates or messages such as FACEBOOK or TWITTERupdates and/or timestamp information to identify relationships betweenthe images. Because other types of data and/or data sources can be usedto identify relationships between elements of the data 110, theseexamples should be understood as being illustrative, and should not beconstrued as being limiting in any way.

The computing device 102 also can be configured to determine avisualization model to be used for generating the output 112. Inparticular, the computing device 102 can determine variations that canbe included when generating the output 112 to provide differentiatedoutput as the output 112. For example, the computing device 102 canapply variations in animations, image sizes, text effects, layouts,color schemes, themes, or other visualizations to the data included asthe output 112 to provide highly differentiated output. Thus, a user ofthe computing device 102 can generate a unique product using thecomputing device 102 even if other users provide substantially similaror even identical input.

The computing device 102 also can be configured to choose a world thatis to be used for generating the output 112. The term “world” as usedherein can be used to refer to a type or category of visualizationsand/or themes that can be applied to the data 110 and used to generatethe output 112. The worlds can include instructions for visualizing thedata 110 in two-dimensional (“2D”) or three-dimensional (“3D”)visualizations; specifying fonts and font formats; images and imageformats; animations; backgrounds; text block sizes and layouts; documentlayouts; or other aspects of the output 112. It should be understood,however, that the “worlds” are not necessarily limited to templates.Rather, in the embodiments described herein, the worlds are nottemplates and instead define facets or aspects of visualizations thatcan be applied to the data 110 to obtain the output 112 as describedherein. For example, in some embodiments a “world” includes aconglomeration of visualizations, styles, and tuned rules that guide howthe data 110 is to be handled and displayed. Additional aspects of theworlds disclosed herein are described in additional detail below withreference to FIG. 2.

Some or all of the worlds also can be associated with a set of rules.Additional aspects of the rules are described in detail below withreference to FIG. 2. Briefly, the rules can define how the variousaspects of the worlds are to be applied to data such as the data 110.Some additional aspects of the rules and some examples of how the rulescan be used are set forth below in more detail with reference to FIG. 2.The computing device 102 can be configured to obtain rules associatedwith a chosen world, if available, and to apply those rules to the data110 to obtain the output 112. The computing device 102 can thus generatethe output 112 and present the output 112 to a user or other entity. Theoutput 112 also can be saved to data storage device, if desired.

According to some embodiments of the concepts and technologies disclosedherein, the computing device 102 also is configured to obtain and applyuser feedback to the output 112. In some embodiments, the user feedbackincludes user responses to various prompts or questions. For example,the computing device 102 can present questions to a user or other entityfor evaluating various aspects of the output 112. In some embodiments,the computing device 102 asks or prompts a user or other entity forfeedback regarding colors, color schemes, fonts, layouts, elementlocations, image sizes, importance, emphasis, arrangement of data, orother aspects of the output 112 by expressing whether that particularaspect is liked or disliked.

The computing device 102 also can be configured to generate questionsfor the user about the various aspects of the output 112 in addition to,or instead to, prompting for feedback. For example, the computing devicecan ask if a particular aspect is liked or disliked, is good or bad, orthe like. It should be understood that the feedback, questions, prompts,or the like can be formatted as questions with binary yes/no,like/dislike, or true/false answers. The questions or prompts also canrequest rankings over various ranges such as, for example, scales ofnumbers such as one to ten, letter grades such as “A” through “F,”numbers of stars, or the like. The user can provide this and/or othertypes of feedback with respect to the entirety of the output 112 and/orthe computing device 102 can be configured to ask the user to expressthis feedback regarding individual parts or components of the output112. For example, the computing device 102 can be configured to ask ifthe output 112 is liked or disliked, or to ask if a particular font,color scheme, and/or other aspect or component of the output 112 isliked or disliked. It should be understood that these embodiments areillustrative, and should not be construed as being limiting in any way.

The computing device 102 can be configured to evaluate the feedback fromthe user and to determine if the output 112 is to be modified based uponthe feedback. For example, if feedback received from the user or anotherentity indicates that a color scheme is “disliked,” the computing device102 can change the color scheme. Similarly, “likes” can be used tomodify the output 112 so aspects of the output 112 that are liked by theuser or other entity can be repeated in the output 112 and/or can beused for generating other output 112 in the future. As such, it can beappreciated that various aspects of the output 112 can be modified basedupon the feedback. It should be understood that these embodiments areillustrative, and should not be construed as being limiting in any way.

FIG. 1 illustrates one computing device 102, one network 104, and onedata source 114. It should be understood, however, that someimplementations of the operating environment 100 include multiplecomputing devices 102, multiple networks 104, zero or multiple datasources 114 and/or additional or alternative hardware elements. Thus,the illustrated embodiments should be understood as being illustrative,and should not be construed as being limiting in any way.

Turning now to FIG. 2, additional aspects of the transformation engine108 will be described in detail, according to an illustrativeembodiment. As explained above with reference to FIG. 1, thetransformation engine 108 can be configured to transform the data 110into the output 112. In some embodiments, such as the embodimentillustrated in FIG. 2, the transformation engine 108 includes a numberof modules, applications, programs, software, or othercomputer-executable instructions for providing the functionalitydescribed herein with respect to the transformation engine 108 and/orthe computing device 102. Additionally, or alternatively, thetransformation engine 108 also can include other data as will bedescribed herein in more detail.

In the illustrated embodiment, the transformation engine 108 includes adecomposition and understanding module 200, a variation module 202, aworld chooser module 204, rules 206, an authoring module 208, worlds210, and other data or instructions (not shown). Although not shown inFIG. 2, the transformation engine 108 also can include a design rulesmodule for authoring, creating, and/or saving the rules 206. As such,the transformation engine 108 can be configured to transform the data110 into the output 112 via execution of one or more portions ofcomputer-executable code or instructions. It should be understood thatthe various functionality described herein with respect to the variousmodules and other data shown in FIG. 2 can be provided by a singleapplication, module, program, or other software or data, and that assuch, the illustrated embodiment is illustrative and should not beconstrued as being limiting in any way.

The decomposition and understanding module 200 can be configured toanalyze the data 110. As explained above, the analysis of the data 110can be completed to understand relationships between the various dataelements or other portions of the data 110. More particularly, in someembodiments the data 110 is arranged in a flow-based format and/or isnot arranged in any particular format. The decomposition andunderstanding module 200 can apply various rules for interpreting thedata 110 to identify relationships between the various data. Forexample, if multiple pages of a presentation or other document include asimilar or identical title, the decomposition and understanding module200 can be configured to determine that the multiple pages are relatedto one another. Similarly, if a title on one page is similar to a titleon the second page but also includes the word “continued” or anabbreviation such as “cont'd,” the decomposition and understandingmodule 200 can determine that these pages are related. It should beunderstood that these embodiments are illustrative, and should not beconstrued as being limiting in any way.

In some embodiments, the decomposition and understanding module 200 canbe configured to determine that elements in bullet lists or numberedlists are related to one another and/or to a heading of the lists. Insome other embodiments, the decomposition and understanding module 200can be configured to determine that text surrounding the same or similarimages is related; that text with similar or identical references orfootnotes are related; and/or that other elements or portions of thedata 110 are related to one another. In some other embodiments,decomposition and understanding can include image analysis. For example,images can be analyzed to detect faces, salient regions, invariantregions (over which text can be placed), compositional analysis, orother aspects of the image. Various rules for interpreting the data 110can be applied by the decomposition and understanding module 200.Because other processes or rules for identifying relationships arecontemplated, it should be understood that these embodiments areillustrative, and should not be construed as being limiting in any way.

The variation module 202 can be configured to generate differentiatedoutput 112 for the user or other entity. In particular, the variationmodule 202 can apply variations in animations, visual effects, designs,themes, or other variations. The variations can be applied to the data110 to create differentiations that can be used to make each output 112of the computing device 102 seem unique. These variations can be appliedto the data 110, as described in more detail below with reference toFIG. 3.

The world chooser module 204 can be configured to evaluate and choose aworld to apply to the data 110. As explained above, a “world” caninclude a theme, model, scheme, or other approach for presenting datathat can be stored, selected, and/or applied to data 110 to obtainoutput 112. In some embodiments, the worlds are extensible. Inparticular, a third party or other entity can create new or additionalworlds 210 and can define how the data 110 can be applied to the world210. The world chooser module 204 can be configured to consider variousaspects of the data 110 and to determine what visualization modelsand/or differentiations to apply to the data 110 based upon thedetermined world 210 that best fits the data 110. In some embodiments,the worlds 210 are stored by the transformation engine 108, as shown inFIG. 2. The world chooser module 204 can consider, for example, theshape of the data 110, hierarchies identified within the data 110, andother aspects of the data 110.

As mentioned above, the data 110 can include various data elements 212.Thus, while various operations and/or analyses are described herein withrespect to the data 110, it should be understood that these and/or otheroperations can be taken with respect to the data elements 212. Thus, theworld chooser module 204 can, for example, consider relationshipsbetween and/or hierarchies among the data elements 212 to select theworld 210. These and other aspects of selecting a world 210 are setforth below in further detail with reference to FIG. 3.

The rules 206 can include adaptive rules that are configured to convertthe data 110, which can include arbitrary content, into the output 112based upon the variations and the world 210 chosen. In other words, therules 206 can include categories of translations that can be applied tothe data 110 to obtain the output 112. Thus, in some embodiments therules 206 include one or more sets of rules for each world 210, and therules 206 are selected by the computing device 102 based upon whichworld 210 is chosen. As such, the rules 206 can be tailored operations,steps, or rules for converting or translating the data 110 into theoutput 112. It should be understood that the data 110 may not always bea direct translation into the output 112. In particular, the content orlayout of the data 110 may be manipulated during translation of the data110 into the output 112. It should be understood that this embodiment isillustrative, and should not be construed as being limiting in any way.

The rules 206 can be used to select portions of the data 110, forexample the data elements 212 described in more detail below, that areto be included in a layout or other form of the output 112. Inparticular, the rules 206 can be used to select the information or dataelements 212 for each view in the output 112 and to define what type ofinformation and/or what data elements 212 are needed, desired, orappropriate at any given location within a layout, view, or other output112 associated with the chosen world. Developers or other entities canspecify, by way of the rules 206, what information is to be presented ineach view or layout.

The rules 206 also can be used to determine a flow, progression, and/orlayout of the data elements 212 or other information selected for theoutput 112. In particular, the computing device 102 can apply the rules206 to provide decision-making capability when the transformation engine110 generates layouts associated with the output 112. The layouts candefine what types of information or data elements 212 are used in whatgrid cells on the screen (or defining location of the data elements 212using other approaches for placing the data elements 212 on the screen),while the rules 206 can define how the information flows or is modified(stylistically or otherwise, for example the size, shape, or otheraspect of the information) once the information is placed in the layout.In some cases, the rules 206 also can handle how the layout is adjustedif information flows beyond the predefined default layout.

The rules 206 also can be applied to the data 110 to upgrade orotherwise modify one or more of the data elements 212 or otherinformation to be included in the output 112. It therefore can beappreciated that the flow handling behavior of a world for any type ofdata 110 can be changed by modifying the rules 206 associated with theworld. In particular, the rules 206 can be used to improve, upgrade, orotherwise modify data elements 212 or other portions of the data 110.For example, if a data element 212 includes a low-resolution image,upgrading the data element 212 can include replacing the low-resolutionimage with an image having a higher resolution, applying imagetreatments such as blur or the like to the image to create an artisticrepresentation, or the like. Similarly, if the data element 212 includesa data table, upgrading or improving the data element 212 can includereplacing the data table with a graph. These and/or other types ofupgrades, improvements, and/or other modifications can be controlled bythe rules 206. Thus, a designer can be given the ability to articulatehow specific types of information will be upgraded or otherwise modifiedusing an available set of tools such as upgrading an image, convertingto a graph, etc. In some embodiments, the designer can articulate thevarious rules 206 prior to the application of the rules 206 as describedherein. As such, it should be understood that the articulation of therules 206 can occur at almost any time and that the utilization of therules 206 can occur at almost any time, including long after the rules206 have been articulated. It should be understood that theseembodiments are illustrative, and should not be construed as beinglimiting in any way.

The rules 206 also can be applied to the data 110 to score one or morelayouts or other forms of the output 112. In particular, the rules 206can be used to facilitate selection of a layout by providing feedbackregarding how information handled for a given layout and whether aquality bar has been met. Accurate scores for each layout within a worldcan be obtained and the scores can be adjusted through a set of rules206 without recompilation of the codebase.

The rules also can be used to score the various worlds considered by thetransformation engine 108 and the scores can be passed to the worldchooser module 208 for scoring the worlds under consideration. Inparticular, the rules 206 can be used to facilitate selection of one ofthe worlds by generating feedback regarding quality of fit ofinformation being placed in the world. The rules 206 may not make afinal decision about world ranking, but can be a component that providesinformation to help make the decision. Accurate scores for each worldthat describes the fit of the world for the information set can beobtained, and the scores can be adjusted using a set of rules 206without recompilation of the codebase.

According to various implementations of the transformation engine 108,the rules 206 can be created, modified, and/or deleted by designers,users, or other entities. As such, the rules 206 can be accessible todesigners to articulate the rules 206 in a way that fits with thedesigners' workflow. In some embodiments, tools for allowing thedesigner to articulate all of the necessary information, ideally in avisual way, to address the prior goals in this list. Additional aspectsof the rules 206 are described herein, and as such, the above uses ofthe rules 206 should be understood as being illustrative and should notbe construed as being limiting in any way.

Thus, the rules 206 can be applied to adjust how the data 110 ispresented by application of a particular world. For example, the rules206 can be applied to the data 110 to adjust the readability of text.These adjustments can be based, for example, upon a relative ease withwhich a typeface can be read when characters are laid out in words,sentences, and paragraphs, upon an assumption that long blocks of textneed to be readable to hold the reader and/or to boost comprehension,upon an assumption that setting text in columns can provide short linelength, which can improve readability, upon rules that assume that textset with ‘ragged right’ alignment is more readable than text that is‘force justified’ or manipulated to line up on the left and rightmargins, upon rules for introducing white space, subheads, and/or otherelements to divide text to give eyes of a reader resting places to helpprevent fatigue, by adjusting leading based on number of lines of text,by adjusting line length based on amount of content and layout, byadjusting the content based upon capabilities of a device used to viewthe content (e.g., screen size, resolution, input devices, or the like),by adjusting font size based on an amount of content, and/or by applyingother adjustments or modifications to the data. It should be understoodthat this embodiment is illustrative, and should not be construed asbeing limiting in any way.

The rules 206 also can be used to improve the legibility of the output112. For example, the rules 206 can be used to evaluate how easily oneletter can be distinguished from another, or a clarity associated with atypestyle. The rules 206 also can be used to overlay transparent fieldsso text is legible, to overlay semi-transparent backgrounds behind text,so the text is more legible than without the semi-transparentbackgrounds, to apply rules for darkening and/or lightening imagesand/or portions thereof, to adjust font size to improve and/or insurelegibility, to add drop shadow to make text more legible, byrepositioning and/or scaling images to place in regions of a layout suchthat space for text is left to improve legibility of the text, to addsubtle transparency behind text, to apply photo darkening to transformthe image, to apply other adjustments, or the like.

The rules 206 also can be used to improve the quality of the output 112.For example, the rules 206 can be used to align text on gridlines and/oradjusting placement of the text so the text visually lines up on thegrid, to define text size relationships so that text is optimized forbody copy and title copy overlaid on an image, by adjusting leadingbased on a number of lines of text, by applying text kerning, textleading, baseline alignment of text of various sizes, and the like. Therules 206 also can be used to identify structure in photos so thatphotos overlaying content relate to the underlying structure in thephoto. Similarly, the rules 206 can be used to ensure that text blocksalign with one another and/or with other text such that the text blocksflow together to ensure proper placement, alignment, depending onvariable strings. It should be understood that these embodiments areillustrative, and should not be construed as being limiting in any way.

The rules 206 also can be used to adjust images. For example, the rules206 can be used to provide cropping of images based on one or moresalient regions, to upgrade images, to crop and/or avoid cropping imagesin one or more directions and/or to maintain image orientations.

The rules 206 also can be used to search for and/or generate asummarization of the data 110. The rules 206 also can be used to upgradethe data 110 and/or data elements 212, for example, by using globalpositioning system (“GPS”) or map data to obtain additional informationabout the places/locations referenced in the data 110, to add currentstatistics and/or other types of live content, to add relatedinformation such as a number of comments, a number of times the contenthas been linked to, a number of times the content has been downloaded,or the like. The rules 206 also can be used to size the data 110 and/ordata elements 212. These embodiments are illustrative and should not beconstrued as being limiting in any way.

The rules 206 also can be used to affect how each data element 212 movesrelative to other data elements 212. For example, some text may reactwhen interacted with and/or hovered over, movement or animation may beaffected by speed of movement or what user is interacting with the data110, ambient motion can be applied until a click or touch gesture isdetected, or the like. These and other movements and/or relativepositioning of the data elements 212 can be determined by the rules 206.The rules 206 also can be used to determine orders of the data elements212, how content is navigated to (e.g., a number of clicks, swipes,screens to navigate through, or the like).

As mentioned above, the rules 206 also can be used to create variationsin the data elements 212 and/or other portions of the data 110. Therules 206 can apply some variations based upon what data 110 or dataelements 212 surround a particular data portion or data element 212. Thevariations also can be based upon the content. For example, if the data110 corresponds to timeline-based data, the world or layout can bechosen based upon an assumption or recognition that few images areincluded. It should be understood that this embodiment is illustrative,and should not be construed as being limiting in any way.

The rules 206 also can be used to select, size, and/or otherwise formattypefaces and/or other settings associated with text. For example, therules 206 can be used to select a highlight color and/or complimentarycolors for text or fields nearby. The rules 206 also can be used todefine a color palette based upon on a source of the content. Forexample, a color scheme can be selected based upon a color schemeassociated with a particular brand, color schemes included in the data110, or the like. Motion also can be varied and/or selected based uponthe rules 206. It should be understood that these embodiments areillustrative, and should not be construed as being limiting in any way.

The authoring module 208 can be configured to analyze feedback 214regarding the output 112 from a user or other entity. The feedback 214can be obtained by the authoring module 208 and/or can be obtained bythe transformation engine 108 and passed to the authoring module 208.The authoring module 208 can be configured to apply the feedback 214 tothe output 112 to modify the output 112. The authoring module 208 alsocan be configured to store the feedback 214 for future uses of thetransformation engine 108.

Thus, although not shown in FIGS. 1-2, it should be understood that userpreferences can be developed by the transformation engine 108 and can bestored and applied by the transformation engine 108, if desired. Asexplained above with regard to modifying output 112 based upon feedback214, the authoring module 208 can be configured to prompt for thefeedback 214 or can be configured to receive the feedback 214 from auser or other entity. The feedback 214 can be provided in terms of likesor dislikes, as yes/no or true/false answers to questions, as ratinginformation such as numbers of stars, numbers within ranges, lettergrades, through extrapolation of simple actions such as selection orreordering, or the like. The feedback 214 can be interpreted by theauthoring module 208.

As noted above, in addition to changing the output 112 based upondislikes, the authoring module 208 also can be configured to modify theoutput 112 based upon likes. In particular, the transformation engine108 can repeat and/or use more often various aspects of the output 112that are liked by users. It should be understood that a user's likes ordislikes also can be used by the transformation engine 108 for otherusers. In particular, the transformation engine 108 can be configured torecognize similarities between and/or among various users based uponpreferences, based upon social networking information, and/or based uponother information, and that the transformation engine 108 can apply aparticular user's preferences to another user who is considered to be oris indicated as being similar to the user. It should be understood thatthese embodiments are illustrative, and should not be construed as beinglimiting in any way.

In light of the above description of FIG. 2, it should be understoodthat the computing device 102 described herein can provide the functionsof the transformation engine 108 and/or the various modules of thetransformation engine 108 by execution of any number of applications,software components, modules, or other instructions. As such, when thespecification refers to functions of the “computing device,” it shouldbe understood that the functionality described can include functionalityprovided by any of the software modules, data, and/or hardware elementsdescribed herein. Furthermore, it should be understood that thetransformation engine 108 can operate as a technology layer that iscalled or accessed by various programs executing at the computing device102. Similarly, the transformation engine 108 can be operated as aservice that can be called by various applications or devices. As such,the various described embodiments are illustrative and should not beconstrued as being limiting in any way.

Turning now to FIG. 3, aspects of a method 300 for transforming datainto consumable content will be described in detail. It should beunderstood that the operations of the method 300 disclosed herein arenot necessarily presented in any particular order and that performanceof some or all of the operations in an alternative order(s) is possibleand is contemplated. The operations have been presented in thedemonstrated order for ease of description and illustration. Operationsmay be added, omitted, and/or performed simultaneously, withoutdeparting from the scope of the appended claims.

It also should be understood that the illustrated method 300 can beended at any time and need not be performed in its entirety. Some or alloperations of the method 300, and/or substantially equivalentoperations, can be performed by execution of computer-readableinstructions included on a computer-storage media, as defined herein.The term “computer-readable instructions,” and variants thereof, as usedin the description and claims, is used expansively herein to includeroutines, applications, application modules, program modules, programs,components, data structures, algorithms, and the like. Computer-readableinstructions can be implemented on various system configurations,including single-processor or multiprocessor systems, minicomputers,mainframe computers, personal computers, hand-held computing devices,microprocessor-based, programmable consumer electronics, combinationsthereof, and the like.

Thus, it should be appreciated that the logical operations describedherein are implemented (1) as a sequence of computer implemented acts orprogram modules running on a computing system and/or (3) asinterconnected machine logic circuits or circuit modules within thecomputing system. The implementation is a matter of choice dependent onthe performance and other requirements of the computing system.Accordingly, the logical operations described herein are referred tovariously as states, operations, structural devices, acts, or modules.These operations, structural devices, acts, and modules may beimplemented in software, in firmware, in special purpose digital logic,and any combination thereof.

For purposes of illustrating and describing the concepts of the presentdisclosure, the method 300 disclosed herein is described as beingperformed by the computing device 102 via execution of computerexecutable instructions such as, for example, the transformation engine108. As explained above with regard to FIG. 2, the transformation engine108 can include several modules and/or other data that can be executedand/or used by the computing device 102 to provide the functionalitydescribed herein. It should be understood that additional or alternativedevices can provide the functionality described herein via execution ofinstructions other than, or in addition to, the transformation engine108. As such, it should be understood that these embodiments areillustrative, and should not be viewed as being limiting in any way.

The method 300 begins at operation 302, wherein the computing device 102obtains the data 110. As explained above, the data can include varioustypes of information or content such as, for example, media filesincluding, but not limited to, video files, animation files, slide showfiles, image files, audio files, other media files, or the like; textdocuments; plain text; web pages, web content, rich text, or the like;and/or other types of information. In one contemplated embodiment, thedata 110 corresponds to a presentation file such as a file generated bya member of the MICROSOFT POWERPOINT family of presentation softwareproducts from Microsoft Corporation in Redmond, Wash. In light of thevarious types of information that can be provided as the data 110, itshould be understood that this embodiment is illustrative, and shouldnot be construed as being limiting in any way.

According to various implementations, the data 110 is obtained from adata storage device or component associated with the computing device102. Some examples of data storage devices are described in more detailbelow with reference to FIGS. 4-6. In some other embodiments, the data110 can be stored at a remote storage device or resource such as thedata source 114 described herein. Thus, the data 110 can be obtained bythe computing device 102 via communications with the data source 114. Assuch, it should be understood that the data 110 can be obtained from anyreal or virtual device via a direct connection, via one or morenetworks, and/or via other nodes, devices, and/or device components.

From operation 302, the method 300 proceeds to operation 304, whereinthe computing device 102 can identify relationships between dataelements or other portions of the data 110. Some types of information,and some embodiments of the data 110, can be arranged or organized in aflow-based arrangement and/or otherwise may not be arranged in a logicaland/or hierarchical arrangement. For example, each slide or page of adocument such as a word processing document or a presentation mayinclude data elements 212 such as a title, one or more paragraphs oftext, one or more sentences, one or more words, one or more bulletpoints, one or more numbered lists, one or more tables, one or moreimages, and/or other objects. In some instances, each slide or page canbe directed to or addresses a different topic or sub-topic. In someother instances, each slide or page can be directed to a same or similartopic. Operation 304 can include determining and identifyingrelationships between the various data elements 212 or other portions ofthe data 110. In some embodiments, the computing device 102 provides thefunctionality described herein with respect to operation 304 viaexecution of the decomposition and understanding module 200. It shouldbe understood that this embodiment is illustrative, and should not beconstrued as being limiting in any way.

In one contemplated example, a ten-page document can include a title oneach page. The title can be indicated by a block or field that islabeled “title” and/or can be determined to include a title based uponthe location, formatting, size, color, contents, or other aspect of theinformation. Thus, if three of the ten pages include the same or similartitle information, the three pages can be considered to be related andinformation on the three pages can be determined to share a relationshipto the title. In another example, the computing device 102 can beconfigured to consider a numbered list or bulleted list under a headingas being related to the heading. Similarly, the computing device 102 canbe configured to consider numbered or bulleted items within the lists asbeing related to one another.

Thus, it can be appreciated that the location, size, format, content,and/or other aspects of text, images, or other data, as well as relativeposition, location, format, size, contents, or other aspects of thedata, relative to other data in the documents, can be used to determinerelationships between the data in operation 304. Because many otherapproaches for identifying relationships between various data elementsor other portions of the data 110 are contemplated, it should beunderstood that these embodiments are illustrative, and should not beconstrued as being limiting in any way.

From operation 304, the method 300 proceeds to operation 306, whereinthe computing device 102 determines variations to apply to the data 110.In operation 306, the computing device 102 can examine the relationshipsdetermined in operation 304 to determine how the data 110 is to bepresented. In particular, the computing device 102 can examine variousfactors associated with the data 110 and determine how to add variationsto the data 110. Thus, for example, the computing device 102 candetermine visual effects, designs, and/or other variations that can beapplied to the data 110 to present the relationships determined inoperation 304 in various ways. In one contemplated embodiment, thecomputing device 102 provides the functionality described herein withrespect to operation 306 via execution of the variation module 204. Itshould be understood that this embodiment is illustrative, and shouldnot be construed as being limiting in any way.

From operation 306, the method 300 proceeds to operation 308, whereinthe computing device 102 chooses a world 210 for presenting the data110. As mentioned above, the term “world” as used herein can include atype of visualization and/or theme that can be applied to the data 110and used to generate the output 112. In operation 308, the computingdevice 102 can select a world 210 based upon the various aspects of thedata 110, the variations identified in operation 306, relationshipsbetween the data elements 212, and/or based upon other considerations.For example, the computing device 102 can be configured to examine ashape of the data 110 such as, for example, an overall mood or tone ofthe data 110; a length of the data 110 such as a presentation ordocument; a text to image ratio of the data 110; a number of images orother media objects in the data 110; a total number of text characters,words, sentences, paragraphs, or the like in the data 110; an expectedaudience of the output 112; an expected venue for viewing the output112; an expected display medium such as a display device expected to beused to view the output 112; a location at which the output 112 may beviewed; hierarchies within the data 110 and/or among data elements 212;input mechanisms that may be used when viewing or interacting with theoutput 112; relative sizes of the visual objects or other data elements212 such as text, images, or the like; and/or other aspects of the data110.

In selecting a world 210, the computing device 102 can consider a numberof worlds 210 or can identify a single world 210 that fits the data 110and/or the determined relationships, hierarchies, mood, shape, and/orother aspects of the data 110 and/or the data elements 212. Thus,operation 308 can include selecting a highest-ranked world 210 from anumber of available worlds 210, identifying a single world 210 basedupon the variations, or receiving input specifying a particular world210. In one contemplated embodiment, the computing device 102 providesthe functionality described herein with respect to operation 308 viaexecution of the world chooser module 208. It should be understood thatthis embodiment is illustrative, and should not be construed as beinglimiting in any way.

From operation 308, the method 300 proceeds to operation 310, whereinthe computer device 102 obtains rules 206 associated with the chosenworld 210. In operation 310, the computing device 102 can apply therules 206 associated with the selected world 210 to the data 110. Viaapplication of the rules 206 to the data 110, the computing device 102can be configured to present the data 110 in a designed way. Inparticular, the rules 206 can specify how data 110 is to be presented ina particular world 210. Thus, operation 310 can include obtaining therules 206 based, at least partially, upon the world 210 chosen inoperation 308.

From operation 310, the method 300 proceeds to operation 312, whereinthe computer device 102 applies the rules 206 obtained in operation 310.As mentioned above, the computing device 102 can apply the rules 206 tothe data 110 to format the data 110 in a format or form associated withthe world 210 chosen in operation 308. For example, a rule 206 candefine a font in which text is to be presented, a size for displayedimages, or other instructions for modifying the data 110 to obtain theoutput 112. It should be understood that this embodiment isillustrative, and should not be construed as being limiting in any way.

From operation 312, the method 300 proceeds to operation 314, whereinthe computer device 102 generates the output 112. In operation 314, thecomputing device 102 can apply the variations, world 210, and rules 206identified in operations 306-312 to the data 110. From operation 314,the method 300 proceeds to operation 316, wherein the computer device102 presents the output 112. The output 112 can be presented, forexample, on a display device associated with the computing device 102and/or another device. In some embodiments, the computing device 102 canbe configured to save the output 112 to a data storage device for laterviewing or presentation, although such an operation is not shown in FIG.3. For purposes of describing the various embodiments of the conceptsand technologies disclosed herein, the method 300 is described withrespect to an embodiment in which the output 112 is displayed on adisplay device associated with the computing device 102. It should beunderstood that this embodiment is illustrative, and should not beconstrued as being limiting in any way.

From operation 316, the method 300 proceeds to operation 318, whereinthe computer device 102 determines if the output 112 is to be modifiedbased upon feedback 214 received at the computing device 102. Thus,while not shown in FIG. 3, the method 300 can include an operation forreceiving feedback 214 at the computing device 102 and/or for promptinga user or other entity for feedback regarding the output 112. In someembodiments, for example, the output 112 is presented and a user isprompted for feedback 214 regarding the output 112. For example, a usermay be asked if the output 112 is visually appealing, if a particularcolor is liked or disliked, if the layout of the elements is liked ordisliked, and/or other questions. In some embodiments, the computingdevice 102 receives feedback 214 and/or comments regarding almost anyaspect of the output 112.

In response to the feedback 214 received at the computing device 102,the computing device 102 can determine that the output 112 is to bemodified. For example, the computing device 102 can determine that acolor, a layout, a color scheme, a theme, a mood, or other aspect of theoutput 112 is to be modified in response to the feedback 214. It shouldbe understood that in determining that the output 112 is to be modified,the computing device 102 can determine that the variations determined inoperation 306 and/or the world 210 chosen in operation 308 may bechanged, among other aspects of the output 112. Because almost anyaspect of the output 112 can be changed, it should be understood thatthese embodiments are illustrative, and should not be construed as beinglimiting in any way.

If the computing device 102 determines, in operation 318, that theoutput 112 is to be modified, the method 300 proceeds to operation 320,wherein the computing device 102 modifies the output 112. As mentionedabove, the modifications to the output 112 can include resizing text,resizing images, changing formats of text or images, changing textfonts, sizes, or colors, changing worlds 210, changing visualizationmodes, changing variations or types of variations, and/or otherwisemodifying the output 112. Because additional or alternativemodifications can be made to the output 112, it should be understoodthat these embodiments are illustrative, and should not be construed asbeing limiting in any way.

From operation 318, the method returns to operation 314, wherein theoutput 112 is again generated by the computing device 102. A such, itcan be appreciated that operations 314-320 of the method 300 can berepeated until, in any iteration of operation 316, the computing device102 determines that the output 112 is not to be modified. If thecomputing device 102 determines that the output 112 is not to bemodified, the method 300 proceeds to operation 322. The method 300 endsat operation 322.

FIG. 4 illustrates an illustrative computer architecture 400 for adevice capable of executing the software components described herein fortransforming data into consumable content. Thus, the computerarchitecture 400 illustrated in FIG. 4 illustrates an architecture for aserver computer, mobile phone, a PDA, a smart phone, a desktop computer,a netbook computer, a tablet computer, and/or a laptop computer. Thecomputer architecture 400 may be utilized to execute any aspects of thesoftware components presented herein.

The computer architecture 400 illustrated in FIG. 4 includes a centralprocessing unit 402 (“CPU”), a system memory 404, including a randomaccess memory 406 (“RAM”) and a read-only memory (“ROM”) 408, and asystem bus 410 that couples the memory 404 to the CPU 402. A basicinput/output system containing the basic routines that help to transferinformation between elements within the computer architecture 400, suchas during startup, is stored in the ROM 408. The computer architecture400 further includes a mass storage device 412 for storing the operatingsystem 106 and one or more application programs including, but notlimited to, the transformation engine 108. Although not shown in FIG. 4,the mass storage device 412 also can be configured to store the data110, the output 112, the rules 206, the worlds 210, the data elements212, the feedback 214, and/or other applications, modules, or otherinformation described herein.

The mass storage device 412 is connected to the CPU 402 through a massstorage controller (not shown) connected to the bus 410. The massstorage device 412 and its associated computer-readable media providenon-volatile storage for the computer architecture 400. Although thedescription of computer-readable media contained herein refers to a massstorage device, such as a hard disk or CD-ROM drive, it should beappreciated by those skilled in the art that computer-readable media canbe any available computer storage media or communication media that canbe accessed by the computer architecture 400.

Communication media includes computer readable instructions, datastructures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signalsuch as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes anydelivery media. The term “modulated data signal” means a signal that hasone or more of its characteristics changed or set in a manner as toencode information in the signal. By way of example, and not limitation,communication media includes wired media such as a wired network ordirect-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF,infrared and other wireless media. Combinations of the any of the aboveshould also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

By way of example, and not limitation, computer storage media mayinclude volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable mediaimplemented in any method or technology for storage of information suchas computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules orother data. For example, computer media includes, but is not limited to,RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other solid state memorytechnology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (“DVD”), HD-DVD, BLU-RAY, orother optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic diskstorage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which canbe used to store the desired information and which can be accessed bythe computer architecture 400. For purposes the claims, the phrase“computer storage medium” and variations thereof, does not includewaves, signals, and/or other transitory and/or intangible communicationmedia, per se.

According to various embodiments, the computer architecture 400 mayoperate in a networked environment using logical connections to remotecomputers through a network such as the network 104. The computerarchitecture 400 may connect to the network 104 through a networkinterface unit 414 connected to the bus 410. It should be appreciatedthat the network interface unit 414 also may be utilized to connect toother types of networks and remote computer systems, for example, thedata source 114. The computer architecture 400 also may include aninput/output controller 416 for receiving and processing input from anumber of other devices, including a keyboard, mouse, or electronicstylus (not shown in FIG. 4). Similarly, the input/output controller 416may provide output to a display screen, a printer, or other type ofoutput device (also not shown in FIG. 4).

It should be appreciated that the software components described hereinmay, when loaded into the CPU 402 and executed, transform the CPU 402and the overall computer architecture 400 from a general-purposecomputing system into a special-purpose computing system customized tofacilitate the functionality presented herein. The CPU 402 may beconstructed from any number of transistors or other discrete circuitelements, which may individually or collectively assume any number ofstates. More specifically, the CPU 402 may operate as a finite-statemachine, in response to executable instructions contained within thesoftware modules disclosed herein. These computer-executableinstructions may transform the CPU 402 by specifying how the CPU 402transitions between states, thereby transforming the transistors orother discrete hardware elements constituting the CPU 402.

Encoding the software modules presented herein also may transform thephysical structure of the computer-readable media presented herein. Thespecific transformation of physical structure may depend on variousfactors, in different implementations of this description. Examples ofsuch factors may include, but are not limited to, the technology used toimplement the computer-readable media, whether the computer-readablemedia is characterized as primary or secondary storage, and the like.For example, if the computer-readable media is implemented assemiconductor-based memory, the software disclosed herein may be encodedon the computer-readable media by transforming the physical state of thesemiconductor memory. For example, the software may transform the stateof transistors, capacitors, or other discrete circuit elementsconstituting the semiconductor memory. The software also may transformthe physical state of such components in order to store data thereupon.

As another example, the computer-readable media disclosed herein may beimplemented using magnetic or optical technology. In suchimplementations, the software presented herein may transform thephysical state of magnetic or optical media, when the software isencoded therein. These transformations may include altering the magneticcharacteristics of particular locations within given magnetic media.These transformations also may include altering the physical features orcharacteristics of particular locations within given optical media, tochange the optical characteristics of those locations. Othertransformations of physical media are possible without departing fromthe scope and spirit of the present description, with the foregoingexamples provided only to facilitate this discussion.

In light of the above, it should be appreciated that many types ofphysical transformations take place in the computer architecture 400 inorder to store and execute the software components presented herein. Italso should be appreciated that the computer architecture 400 mayinclude other types of computing devices, including hand-held computers,embedded computer systems, personal digital assistants, and other typesof computing devices known to those skilled in the art. It is alsocontemplated that the computer architecture 400 may not include all ofthe components shown in FIG. 4, may include other components that arenot explicitly shown in FIG. 4, or may utilize an architecturecompletely different than that shown in FIG. 4.

FIG. 5 illustrates an illustrative distributed computing environment 500capable of executing the software components described herein fortransforming data into consumable content. Thus, the distributedcomputing environment 500 illustrated in FIG. 5 can be used to providethe functionality described herein with respect to the computing device102. The distributed computing environment 500 thus may be utilized toexecute any aspects of the software components presented herein.

According to various implementations, the distributed computingenvironment 500 includes a computing environment 502 operating on, incommunication with, or as part of the network 504. The network 504 alsocan include various access networks. According to variousimplementations, the functionality of the network 504 is provided by thenetwork 104 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 4. One or more client devices506A-506N (hereinafter referred to collectively and/or generically as“clients 506”) can communicate with the computing environment 502 viathe network 504 and/or other connections (not illustrated in FIG. 5). Inthe illustrated embodiment, the clients 506 include a computing device506A such as a laptop computer, a desktop computer, or other computingdevice; a slate or tablet computing device (“tablet computing device”)506B; a mobile computing device 506C such as a mobile telephone, a smartphone, or other mobile computing device; a server computer 506D; and/orother devices 506N. It should be understood that any number of clients506 can communicate with the computing environment 502. Two examplecomputing architectures for the clients 506 are illustrated anddescribed herein with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6. It should beunderstood that the illustrated clients 506 and computing architecturesillustrated and described herein are illustrative, and should not beconstrued as being limited in any way.

In the illustrated embodiment, the computing environment 502 includesapplication servers 508, data storage 510, and one or more networkinterfaces 512. According to various implementations, the functionalityof the application servers 508 can be provided by one or more servercomputers that are executing as part of, or in communication with, thenetwork 504. The application servers 508 can host various services,virtual machines, portals, and/or other resources. In the illustratedembodiment, the application servers 508 host one or more virtualmachines 514 for hosting applications or other functionality. Accordingto various implementations, the virtual machines 514 host one or moreapplications and/or software modules for providing the functionalitydescribed herein for transforming data into consumable content. Itshould be understood that this embodiment is illustrative, and shouldnot be construed as being limiting in any way. The application servers508 also host or provide access to one or more Web portals, link pages,Web sites, and/or other information (“Web portals”) 516.

According to various implementations, the application servers 508 alsoinclude one or more mailbox services 518 and one or more messagingservices 520. The mailbox services 518 can include electronic mail(“email”) services. The mailbox services 518 also can include variouspersonal information management (“PIM”) services including, but notlimited to, calendar services, contact management services,collaboration services, and/or other services. The messaging services520 can include, but are not limited to, instant messaging services,chat services, forum services, and/or other communication services.

The application servers 508 also can include one or more socialnetworking services 522. The social networking services 522 can includevarious social networking services including, but not limited to,services for sharing or posting status updates, instant messages, links,photos, videos, and/or other information; services for commenting ordisplaying interest in articles, products, blogs, or other resources;and/or other services. In some embodiments, the social networkingservices 522 are provided by or include the FACEBOOK social networkingservice, the LINKEDIN professional networking service, the MYSPACEsocial networking service, the FOURSQUARE geographic networking service,the YAMMER office colleague networking service, and the like. In otherembodiments, the social networking services 522 are provided by otherservices, sites, and/or providers that may or may not explicitly beknown as social networking providers. For example, some web sites allowusers to interact with one another via email, chat services, and/orother means during various activities and/or contexts such as readingpublished articles, commenting on goods or services, publishing,collaboration, gaming, and the like. Examples of such services include,but are not limited to, the WINDOWS LIVE service and the XBOX LIVEservice from Microsoft Corporation in Redmond, Wash. Other services arepossible and are contemplated.

The social networking services 522 also can include commenting,blogging, and/or microblogging services. Examples of such servicesinclude, but are not limited to, the YELP commenting service, the KUDZUreview service, the OFFICETALK enterprise microblogging service, theTWITTER messaging service, the GOOGLE BUZZ service, and/or otherservices. It should be appreciated that the above lists of services arenot exhaustive and that numerous additional and/or alternative socialnetworking services 522 are not mentioned herein for the sake ofbrevity. As such, the above embodiments are illustrative, and should notbe construed as being limited in any way.

As shown in FIG. 5, the application servers 508 also can host otherservices, applications, portals, and/or other resources (“otherresources”) 524. It thus can be appreciated that the computingenvironment 502 can provide integration of the concepts and technologiesdisclosed herein provided herein for transforming data into consumablecontent with various mailbox, messaging, social networking, and/or otherservices or resources. For example, the concepts and technologiesdisclosed herein can be used to transform social networking data ormailbox data into visual content for a user. Similarly, the concepts andtechnologies disclosed herein can be used to transform messaging orother resources into visual content. It should be understood that theseembodiments are illustrative, and should not be construed as beinglimiting in any way.

As mentioned above, the computing environment 502 can include the datastorage 510. According to various implementations, the functionality ofthe data storage 510 is provided by one or more databases operating on,or in communication with, the network 504. The functionality of the datastorage 510 also can be provided by one or more server computersconfigured to host data for the computing environment 502. The datastorage 510 can include, host, or provide one or more real or virtualdatastores 526A-526N (hereinafter referred to collectively and/orgenerically as “datastores 526”). The datastores 526 are configured tohost data used or created by the application servers 508 and/or otherdata. Although not illustrated in FIG. 5, the datastores 526 also canhost or store the data 110, the output 112, the rules 206, the worlds210, the data elements 212, the feedback 214, and/or other data,computer executable instructions, or other information described herein.

The computing environment 502 can communicate with, or be accessed by,the network interfaces 512. The network interfaces 512 can includevarious types of network hardware and software for supportingcommunications between two or more computing devices including, but notlimited to, the clients 506 and the application servers 508. It shouldbe appreciated that the network interfaces 512 also may be utilized toconnect to other types of networks and/or computer systems.

It should be understood that the distributed computing environment 500described herein can provide any aspects of the software elementsdescribed herein with any number of virtual computing resources and/orother distributed computing functionality that can be configured toexecute any aspects of the software components disclosed herein.According to various implementations of the concepts and technologiesdisclosed herein, the distributed computing environment 500 provides thesoftware functionality described herein as a service to the clients 506.It should be understood that the clients 506 can include real or virtualmachines including, but not limited to, server computers, web servers,personal computers, mobile computing devices, smart phones, and/or otherdevices. As such, various embodiments of the concepts and technologiesdisclosed herein enable any device configured to access the distributedcomputing environment 500 to utilize the functionality described hereinfor transforming data into consumable content.

Turning now to FIG. 6, an illustrative computing device architecture 600for a computing device that is capable of executing various softwarecomponents described herein for transforming data into consumablecontent. The computing device architecture 600 is applicable tocomputing devices that facilitate mobile computing due, in part, to formfactor, wireless connectivity, and/or battery-powered operation. In someembodiments, the computing devices include, but are not limited to,mobile telephones, tablet devices, slate devices, portable video gamedevices, and the like. Moreover, the computing device architecture 600is applicable to any of the clients 606 shown in FIG. 5. Furthermore,aspects of the computing device architecture 600 may be applicable totraditional desktop computers, portable computers (e.g., laptops,notebooks, ultra-portables, and netbooks), server computers, and othercomputer systems, such as described herein with reference to FIG. 4. Forexample, the single touch and multi-touch aspects disclosed herein belowmay be applied to desktop computers that utilize a touchscreen or someother touch-enabled device, such as a touch-enabled track pad ortouch-enabled mouse.

The computing device architecture 600 illustrated in FIG. 6 includes aprocessor 602, memory components 604, network connectivity components606, sensor components 608, input/output components 610, and powercomponents 612. In the illustrated embodiment, the processor 602 is incommunication with the memory components 604, the network connectivitycomponents 606, the sensor components 608, the input/output (“I/O”)components 610, and the power components 612. Although no connectionsare shown between the individuals components illustrated in FIG. 6, thecomponents can interact to carry out device functions. In someembodiments, the components are arranged so as to communicate via one ormore busses (not shown).

The processor 602 includes a central processing unit (“CPU”) configuredto process data, execute computer-executable instructions of one or moreapplication programs, and communicate with other components of thecomputing device architecture 600 in order to perform variousfunctionality described herein. The processor 602 may be utilized toexecute aspects of the software components presented herein and,particularly, those that utilize, at least in part, a touch-enabledinput.

In some embodiments, the processor 602 includes a graphics processingunit (“GPU”) configured to accelerate operations performed by the CPU,including, but not limited to, operations performed by executinggeneral-purpose scientific and engineering computing applications, aswell as graphics-intensive computing applications such as highresolution video (e.g., 720P, 1080P, and greater), video games,three-dimensional (“3D”) modeling applications, and the like. In someembodiments, the processor 602 is configured to communicate with adiscrete GPU (not shown). In any case, the CPU and GPU may be configuredin accordance with a co-processing CPU/GPU computing model, wherein thesequential part of an application executes on the CPU and thecomputationally-intensive part is accelerated by the GPU.

In some embodiments, the processor 602 is, or is included in, asystem-on-chip (“SoC”) along with one or more of the other componentsdescribed herein below. For example, the SoC may include the processor602, a GPU, one or more of the network connectivity components 606, andone or more of the sensor components 608. In some embodiments, theprocessor 602 is fabricated, in part, utilizing a package-on-package(“PoP”) integrated circuit packaging technique. Moreover, the processor602 may be a single core or multi-core processor.

The processor 602 may be created in accordance with an ARM architecture,available for license from ARM HOLDINGS of Cambridge, United Kingdom.Alternatively, the processor 602 may be created in accordance with anx86 architecture, such as is available from INTEL CORPORATION ofMountain View, Calif. and others. In some embodiments, the processor 602is a SNAPDRAGON SoC, available from QUALCOMM of San Diego, Calif., aTEGRA SoC, available from NVIDIA of Santa Clara, Calif., a HUMMINGBIRDSoC, available from SAMSUNG of Seoul, South Korea, an Open MultimediaApplication Platform (“OMAP”) SoC, available from TEXAS INSTRUMENTS ofDallas, Tex., a customized version of any of the above SoCs, or aproprietary SoC.

The memory components 604 include a random access memory (“RAM”) 614, aread-only memory (“ROM”) 616, an integrated storage memory (“integratedstorage”) 618, and a removable storage memory (“removable storage”) 620.In some embodiments, the RAM 614 or a portion thereof, the ROM 616 or aportion thereof, and/or some combination the RAM 614 and the ROM 616 isintegrated in the processor 602. In some embodiments, the ROM 616 isconfigured to store a firmware, an operating system or a portion thereof(e.g., operating system kernel), and/or a bootloader to load anoperating system kernel from the integrated storage 618 or the removablestorage 620.

The integrated storage 618 can include a solid-state memory, a harddisk, or a combination of solid-state memory and a hard disk. Theintegrated storage 618 may be soldered or otherwise connected to a logicboard upon which the processor 602 and other components described hereinalso may be connected. As such, the integrated storage 618 is integratedin the computing device. The integrated storage 618 is configured tostore an operating system or portions thereof, application programs,data, and other software components described herein.

The removable storage 620 can include a solid-state memory, a hard disk,or a combination of solid-state memory and a hard disk. In someembodiments, the removable storage 620 is provided in lieu of theintegrated storage 618. In other embodiments, the removable storage 620is provided as additional optional storage. In some embodiments, theremovable storage 620 is logically combined with the integrated storage618 such that the total available storage is made available and shown toa user as a total combined capacity of the integrated storage 618 andthe removable storage 620.

The removable storage 620 is configured to be inserted into a removablestorage memory slot (not shown) or other mechanism by which theremovable storage 620 is inserted and secured to facilitate a connectionover which the removable storage 620 can communicate with othercomponents of the computing device, such as the processor 602. Theremovable storage 620 may be embodied in various memory card formatsincluding, but not limited to, PC card, CompactFlash card, memory stick,secure digital (“SD”), miniSD, microSD, universal integrated circuitcard (“UICC”) (e.g., a subscriber identity module (“SIM”) or universalSIM (“USIM”)), a proprietary format, or the like.

It can be understood that one or more of the memory components 604 canstore an operating system. According to various embodiments, theoperating system includes, but is not limited to, SYMBIAN OS fromSYMBIAN LIMITED, WINDOWS MOBILE OS from Microsoft Corporation ofRedmond, Wash., WINDOWS PHONE OS from Microsoft Corporation, WINDOWSfrom Microsoft Corporation, PALM WEBOS from Hewlett-Packard Company ofPalo Alto, Calif., BLACKBERRY OS from Research In Motion Limited ofWaterloo, Ontario, Canada, IOS from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif., andANDROID OS from Google Inc. of Mountain View, Calif. Other operatingsystems are contemplated.

The network connectivity components 606 include a wireless wide areanetwork component (“WWAN component”) 622, a wireless local area networkcomponent (“WLAN component”) 624, and a wireless personal area networkcomponent (“WPAN component”) 626. The network connectivity components606 facilitate communications to and from a network 628, which may be aWWAN, a WLAN, or a WPAN. Although a single network 628 is illustrated,the network connectivity components 606 may facilitate simultaneouscommunication with multiple networks. For example, the networkconnectivity components 606 may facilitate simultaneous communicationswith multiple networks via one or more of a WWAN, a WLAN, or a WPAN.

In some embodiments, the functionality of the network 628 is provided byone or more of the networks 104, 504. In some embodiments, the network628 includes one or more of the networks 104, 504. In some otherembodiments, the network 628 provides access to one or more of thenetworks 104, 504.

The network 628 may be a WWAN, such as a mobile telecommunicationsnetwork utilizing one or more mobile telecommunications technologies toprovide voice and/or data services to a computing device utilizing thecomputing device architecture 600 via the WWAN component 622. The mobiletelecommunications technologies can include, but are not limited to,Global System for Mobile communications (“GSM”), Code Division MultipleAccess (“CDMA”) ONE, CDMA2000, Universal Mobile TelecommunicationsSystem (“UMTS”), Long Term Evolution (“LTE”), and WorldwideInteroperability for Microwave Access (“WiMAX”). Moreover, the network628 may utilize various channel access methods (which may or may not beused by the aforementioned standards) including, but not limited to,Time Division Multiple Access (“TDMA”), Frequency Division MultipleAccess (“FDMA”), CDMA, wideband CDMA (“W-CDMA”), Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiplexing (“OFDM”), Space Division Multiple Access (“SDMA”),and the like. Data communications may be provided using General PacketRadio Service (“GPRS”), Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution(“EDGE”), the High-Speed Packet Access (“HSPA”) protocol familyincluding High-Speed Downlink Packet Access (“HSDPA”), Enhanced Uplink(“EUL”) or otherwise termed High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (“HSUPA”),Evolved HSPA (“HSPA+”), LTE, and various other current and futurewireless data access standards. The network 628 may be configured toprovide voice and/or data communications with any combination of theabove technologies. The network 628 may be configured to or adapted toprovide voice and/or data communications in accordance with futuregeneration technologies.

In some embodiments, the WWAN component 622 is configured to providedual-multi-mode connectivity to the network 628. For example, the WWANcomponent 622 may be configured to provide connectivity to the network628, wherein the network 628 provides service via GSM and UMTStechnologies, or via some other combination of technologies.Alternatively, multiple WWAN components 622 may be utilized to performsuch functionality, and/or provide additional functionality to supportother non-compatible technologies (i.e., incapable of being supported bya single WWAN component). The WWAN component 622 may facilitate similarconnectivity to multiple networks (e.g., a UMTS network and an LTEnetwork).

The network 628 may be a WLAN operating in accordance with one or moreInstitute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (“IEEE”) 802.11standards, such as IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n, and/orfuture 802.11 standard (referred to herein collectively as WI-FI). Draft802.11 standards are also contemplated. In some embodiments, the WLAN isimplemented utilizing one or more wireless WI-FI access points. In someembodiments, one or more of the wireless WI-FI access points are anothercomputing device with connectivity to a WWAN that are functioning as aWI-FI hotspot. The WLAN component 624 is configured to connect to thenetwork 628 via the WI-FI access points. Such connections may be securedvia various encryption technologies including, but not limited, WI-FIProtected Access (“WPA”), WPA2, Wired Equivalent Privacy (“WEP”), andthe like.

The network 628 may be a WPAN operating in accordance with Infrared DataAssociation (“IrDA”), BLUETOOTH, wireless Universal Serial Bus (“USB”),Z-Wave, ZIGBEE, or some other short-range wireless technology. In someembodiments, the WPAN component 626 is configured to facilitatecommunications with other devices, such as peripherals, computers, orother computing devices via the WPAN.

The sensor components 608 include a magnetometer 630, an ambient lightsensor 632, a proximity sensor 634, an accelerometer 636, a gyroscope638, and a Global Positioning System sensor (“GPS sensor”) 640. It iscontemplated that other sensors, such as, but not limited to,temperature sensors or shock detection sensors, also may be incorporatedin the computing device architecture 600.

The magnetometer 630 is configured to measure the strength and directionof a magnetic field. In some embodiments the magnetometer 630 providesmeasurements to a compass application program stored within one of thememory components 604 in order to provide a user with accuratedirections in a frame of reference including the cardinal directions,north, south, east, and west. Similar measurements may be provided to anavigation application program that includes a compass component. Otheruses of measurements obtained by the magnetometer 630 are contemplated.

The ambient light sensor 632 is configured to measure ambient light. Insome embodiments, the ambient light sensor 632 provides measurements toan application program stored within one the memory components 604 inorder to automatically adjust the brightness of a display (describedbelow) to compensate for low-light and high-light environments. Otheruses of measurements obtained by the ambient light sensor 632 arecontemplated.

The proximity sensor 634 is configured to detect the presence of anobject or thing in proximity to the computing device without directcontact. In some embodiments, the proximity sensor 634 detects thepresence of a user's body (e.g., the user's face) and provides thisinformation to an application program stored within one of the memorycomponents 604 that utilizes the proximity information to enable ordisable some functionality of the computing device. For example, atelephone application program may automatically disable a touchscreen(described below) in response to receiving the proximity information sothat the user's face does not inadvertently end a call or enable/disableother functionality within the telephone application program during thecall. Other uses of proximity as detected by the proximity sensor 634are contemplated.

The accelerometer 636 is configured to measure proper acceleration. Insome embodiments, output from the accelerometer 636 is used by anapplication program as an input mechanism to control some functionalityof the application program. For example, the application program may bea video game in which a character, a portion thereof, or an object ismoved or otherwise manipulated in response to input received via theaccelerometer 636. In some embodiments, output from the accelerometer636 is provided to an application program for use in switching betweenlandscape and portrait modes, calculating coordinate acceleration, ordetecting a fall. Other uses of the accelerometer 636 are contemplated.

The gyroscope 638 is configured to measure and maintain orientation. Insome embodiments, output from the gyroscope 638 is used by anapplication program as an input mechanism to control some functionalityof the application program. For example, the gyroscope 638 can be usedfor accurate recognition of movement within a 3D environment of a videogame application or some other application. In some embodiments, anapplication program utilizes output from the gyroscope 638 and theaccelerometer 636 to enhance control of some functionality of theapplication program. Other uses of the gyroscope 638 are contemplated.

The GPS sensor 640 is configured to receive signals from GPS satellitesfor use in calculating a location. The location calculated by the GPSsensor 640 may be used by any application program that requires orbenefits from location information. For example, the location calculatedby the GPS sensor 640 may be used with a navigation application programto provide directions from the location to a destination or directionsfrom the destination to the location. Moreover, the GPS sensor 640 maybe used to provide location information to an external location-basedservice, such as E911 service. The GPS sensor 640 may obtain locationinformation generated via WI-FI, WIMAX, and/or cellular triangulationtechniques utilizing one or more of the network connectivity components606 to aid the GPS sensor 640 in obtaining a location fix. The GPSsensor 640 may also be used in Assisted GPS (“A-GPS”) systems.

The I/O components 610 include a display 642, a touchscreen 644, a dataI/O interface component (“data I/O”) 646, an audio I/O interfacecomponent (“audio I/O”) 648, a video I/O interface component (“videoI/O”) 650, and a camera 652. In some embodiments, the display 642 andthe touchscreen 644 are combined. In some embodiments two or more of thedata I/O component 646, the audio I/O component 648, and the video I/Ocomponent 650 are combined. The I/O components 610 may include discreteprocessors configured to support the various interface described below,or may include processing functionality built-in to the processor 602.

The display 642 is an output device configured to present information ina visual form. In particular, the display 642 may present graphical userinterface (“GUI”) elements, text, images, video, notifications, virtualbuttons, virtual keyboards, messaging data, Internet content, devicestatus, time, date, calendar data, preferences, map information,location information, and any other information that is capable of beingpresented in a visual form. In some embodiments, the display 642 is aliquid crystal display (“LCD”) utilizing any active or passive matrixtechnology and any backlighting technology (if used). In someembodiments, the display 642 is an organic light emitting diode (“OLED”)display. Other display types are contemplated.

The touchscreen 644 is an input device configured to detect the presenceand location of a touch. The touchscreen 644 may be a resistivetouchscreen, a capacitive touchscreen, a surface acoustic wavetouchscreen, an infrared touchscreen, an optical imaging touchscreen, adispersive signal touchscreen, an acoustic pulse recognitiontouchscreen, or may utilize any other touchscreen technology. In someembodiments, the touchscreen 644 is incorporated on top of the display642 as a transparent layer to enable a user to use one or more touchesto interact with objects or other information presented on the display642. In other embodiments, the touchscreen 644 is a touch padincorporated on a surface of the computing device that does not includethe display 642. For example, the computing device may have atouchscreen incorporated on top of the display 642 and a touch pad on asurface opposite the display 642.

In some embodiments, the touchscreen 644 is a single-touch touchscreen.In other embodiments, the touchscreen 644 is a multi-touch touchscreen.In some embodiments, the touchscreen 644 is configured to detectdiscrete touches, single touch gestures, and/or multi-touch gestures.These are collectively referred to herein as gestures for convenience.Several gestures will now be described. It should be understood thatthese gestures are illustrative and are not intended to limit the scopeof the appended claims. Moreover, the described gestures, additionalgestures, and/or alternative gestures may be implemented in software foruse with the touchscreen 644. As such, a developer may create gesturesthat are specific to a particular application program.

In some embodiments, the touchscreen 644 supports a tap gesture in whicha user taps the touchscreen 644 once on an item presented on the display642. The tap gesture may be used for various reasons including, but notlimited to, opening or launching whatever the user taps. In someembodiments, the touchscreen 644 supports a double tap gesture in whicha user taps the touchscreen 644 twice on an item presented on thedisplay 642. The double tap gesture may be used for various reasonsincluding, but not limited to, zooming in or zooming out in stages. Insome embodiments, the touchscreen 644 supports a tap and hold gesture inwhich a user taps the touchscreen 644 and maintains contact for at leasta pre-defined time. The tap and hold gesture may be used for variousreasons including, but not limited to, opening a context-specific menu.

In some embodiments, the touchscreen 644 supports a pan gesture in whicha user places a finger on the touchscreen 644 and maintains contact withthe touchscreen 644 while moving the finger on the touchscreen 644. Thepan gesture may be used for various reasons including, but not limitedto, moving through screens, images, or menus at a controlled rate.Multiple finger pan gestures are also contemplated. In some embodiments,the touchscreen 644 supports a flick gesture in which a user swipes afinger in the direction the user wants the screen to move. The flickgesture may be used for various reasons including, but not limited to,scrolling horizontally or vertically through menus or pages. In someembodiments, the touchscreen 644 supports a pinch and stretch gesture inwhich a user makes a pinching motion with two fingers (e.g., thumb andforefinger) on the touchscreen 644 or moves the two fingers apart. Thepinch and stretch gesture may be used for various reasons including, butnot limited to, zooming gradually in or out of a website, map, orpicture.

Although the above gestures have been described with reference to theuse one or more fingers for performing the gestures, other appendagessuch as toes or objects such as styluses may be used to interact withthe touchscreen 644. As such, the above gestures should be understood asbeing illustrative and should not be construed as being limiting in anyway.

The data I/O interface component 646 is configured to facilitate inputof data to the computing device and output of data from the computingdevice. In some embodiments, the data I/O interface component 646includes a connector configured to provide wired connectivity betweenthe computing device and a computer system, for example, forsynchronization operation purposes. The connector may be a proprietaryconnector or a standardized connector such as USB, micro-USB, mini-USB,or the like. In some embodiments, the connector is a dock connector fordocking the computing device with another device such as a dockingstation, audio device (e.g., a digital music player), or video device.

The audio I/O interface component 648 is configured to provide audioinput and/or output capabilities to the computing device. In someembodiments, the audio I/O interface component 646 includes a microphoneconfigured to collect audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio I/Ointerface component 646 includes a headphone jack configured to provideconnectivity for headphones or other external speakers. In someembodiments, the audio interface component 648 includes a speaker forthe output of audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio I/Ointerface component 646 includes an optical audio cable out.

The video I/O interface component 650 is configured to provide videoinput and/or output capabilities to the computing device. In someembodiments, the video I/O interface component 650 includes a videoconnector configured to receive video as input from another device(e.g., a video media player such as a DVD or BLURAY player) or sendvideo as output to another device (e.g., a monitor, a television, orsome other external display). In some embodiments, the video I/Ointerface component 650 includes a High-Definition Multimedia Interface(“HDMI”), mini-HDMI, micro-HDMI, DisplayPort, or proprietary connectorto input/output video content. In some embodiments, the video I/Ointerface component 650 or portions thereof is combined with the audioI/O interface component 648 or portions thereof.

The camera 652 can be configured to capture still images and/or video.The camera 652 may utilize a charge coupled device (“CCD”) or acomplementary metal oxide semiconductor (“CMOS”) image sensor to captureimages. In some embodiments, the camera 652 includes a flash to aid intaking pictures in low-light environments. Settings for the camera 652may be implemented as hardware or software buttons.

Although not illustrated, one or more hardware buttons may also beincluded in the computing device architecture 600. The hardware buttonsmay be used for controlling some operational aspect of the computingdevice. The hardware buttons may be dedicated buttons or multi-usebuttons. The hardware buttons may be mechanical or sensor-based.

The illustrated power components 612 include one or more batteries 654,which can be connected to a battery gauge 656. The batteries 654 may berechargeable or disposable. Rechargeable battery types include, but arenot limited to, lithium polymer, lithium ion, nickel cadmium, and nickelmetal hydride. Each of the batteries 654 may be made of one or morecells.

The battery gauge 656 can be configured to measure battery parameterssuch as current, voltage, and temperature. In some embodiments, thebattery gauge 656 is configured to measure the effect of a battery'sdischarge rate, temperature, age and other factors to predict remaininglife within a certain percentage of error. In some embodiments, thebattery gauge 656 provides measurements to an application program thatis configured to utilize the measurements to present useful powermanagement data to a user. Power management data may include one or moreof a percentage of battery used, a percentage of battery remaining, abattery condition, a remaining time, a remaining capacity (e.g., in watthours), a current draw, and a voltage.

The power components 612 may also include a power connector, which maybe combined with one or more of the aforementioned I/O components 610.The power components 612 may interface with an external power system orcharging equipment via a power I/O component 644.

Based on the foregoing, it should be appreciated that technologies fortransforming data into consumable content have been disclosed herein.Although the subject matter presented herein has been described inlanguage specific to computer structural features, methodological andtransformative acts, specific computing machinery, and computer readablemedia, it is to be understood that the invention defined in the appendedclaims is not necessarily limited to the specific features, acts, ormedia described herein. Rather, the specific features, acts and mediumsare disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

The subject matter described above is provided by way of illustrationonly and should not be construed as limiting. Various modifications andchanges may be made to the subject matter described herein withoutfollowing the example embodiments and applications illustrated anddescribed, and without departing from the true spirit and scope of thepresent invention, which is set forth in the following claims.

1-20. (canceled)
 21. A computer comprising: a processor; and acomputer-readable storage medium in communication with the processor,the computer-readable storage medium having computer-executableinstructions stored thereupon which, when executed by the processor,cause the processor to obtain, at a computing device, data comprising aplurality of data elements, analyze the data to identify relationshipsbetween the plurality of data elements, determine a world defining avisualization model to apply to the plurality of data elements based, atleast partially, upon the relationships, obtain rules for applying thedata to the world, and apply the rules to the data to generate outputcomprising the at least one of the plurality of data elements arrangedaccording to the world.
 22. The computer of claim 21, wherein thecomputer-readable storage medium has further computer-executableinstructions stored thereupon to: present the output at a display deviceassociated with the computing device; and obtain feedback from a user ofthe computing device.
 23. The computer of claim 22, wherein thecomputer-readable storage medium has further computer-executableinstructions stored thereupon to: determine if the output is to bemodified based, at least partially, upon the feedback; and in responseto determining that the output is to be modified, modify the output inaccordance with the feedback.
 24. The computer of claim 23, wherein thefeedback comprises an indication that an aspect of the output is likedby the user.
 25. The computer of claim 23, wherein the feedbackcomprises an indication that an aspect of the output is disliked by theuser, and wherein the aspect comprises at least one of an emphasis, agrouping, or an order of data within the output.
 26. The computer ofclaim 21, wherein determine the world comprises: determine at least onevariation to apply to the plurality of data elements for differentiatingthe output; determine the visualization model based upon the variationand the relationships; and select the world based, at least partially,upon the visualization model and the relationships.
 27. The computer ofclaim 21, wherein the computing device is configured to execute atransformation engine, and wherein the transformation engine comprises adecomposition and understanding module, a variation module, a worldchooser module, a design rules module, and an authoring module.
 28. Thecomputer of claim 21, wherein the data comprises a presentationdocument, and wherein the output comprises a further presentationdocument.
 29. A computer comprising: a processor; and acomputer-readable storage medium in communication with the processor,the computer-readable storage medium comprising computer-executableinstructions stored thereupon which, when executed by the processor,cause the processor to analyze data to identify relationships between aplurality of data elements in the data, determine a world defining avisualization model to apply to the plurality of data elements based, atleast partially, upon the relationships, the world comprisinginstructions for visualizing the data elements in two-dimensional orthree-dimensional visualizations, obtain a rule for applying the data tothe world, and apply the rule to the data to generate output comprisingthe plurality of data elements arranged according to the world.
 30. Thecomputer of claim 29, wherein the computer-readable storage medium hasfurther computer-executable instructions stored thereupon which, whenexecuted by the processor, cause the processor to determine the worldby: determining at least one variation to apply to at least one of theplurality of data elements to differentiate the output; determining thevisualization model based upon the variation and the relationships; andselecting the world based, at least partially, upon the visualizationmodel and the relationships.
 31. The computer of claim 29, wherein thecomputer-readable storage medium has further computer-executableinstructions stored thereupon which, when executed by the processor,cause the processor to: present the output at a display deviceassociated with the computer; and obtain feedback from a user of thecomputer.
 32. The computer of claim 31, wherein the feedback comprisesan indication that an aspect of the output is liked.
 33. The computer ofclaim 31, wherein the feedback comprises an indication that an aspect ofthe output is disliked.
 34. The computer of claim 29, wherein thecomputer executes a transformation engine comprising a decomposition andunderstanding module configured to determine the relationships, avariation module for determining variations to the data elements, and aworld chooser module for determining the world.
 35. The computer ofclaim 29, wherein the computer-readable storage medium has furthercomputer-executable instructions stored thereupon which, when executedby the processor, cause the processor to: present the output at adisplay device associated with the computer; obtain feedback from a userof the computer; determine, if the output is to be modified based, atleast partially, upon the feedback; and in response to determining thatthe output is to be modified, modify the input in accordance with thefeedback.
 36. The computer of claim 35, wherein the computer executes atransformation engine comprising a decomposition and understandingmodule configured to determine discrete sub-content, relationships, andemphasis, a variation module for determining variations to the dataelements, a world chooser module for determining the world, and anauthoring module for obtaining the feedback and determining if theoutput is to be modified.
 37. The computer of claim 36, wherein the datacomprises a presentation document, and wherein the output comprises afurther presentation document.
 38. The computer of claim 29, wherein therelationships comprise a hierarchy between the plurality of dataelements.
 39. A computer comprising: a processor; and acomputer-readable storage medium in communication with the processor,the computer-readable storage medium comprising computer-executableinstructions stored thereupon which, when executed by the processor,cause the processor to obtain data comprising a plurality of dataelements, analyze the data to identify relationships between theplurality of data elements, determine a world defining a visualizationmodel to apply to the plurality of data elements based, at leastpartially, upon the relationships, obtain rules for applying the data tothe world, apply the rules to the data to generate output comprising theplurality of data elements arranged according to the rules, present theoutput at a display device, obtain feedback comprising at least one ofan indication that an aspect of the output is liked, or an indicationthat the aspect of the output is disliked, determine that the output isto be modified based, at least partially, upon the feedback, and inresponse to determining that the output is to be modified, modify theoutput in accordance with the feedback.
 40. The computer of claim 39,wherein the computer executes a transformation engine comprising adecomposition and understanding module configured to determine therelationships, a variation module for determining variations to the dataelements, a world chooser module for determining the world, and anauthoring module for obtaining the feedback and determining if theoutput is to be modified.